{"id":2132,"date":"2007-10-02T18:42:58","date_gmt":"2007-10-02T17:42:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/moomango.co.uk\/htb\/?p=2132"},"modified":"2014-09-09T09:14:32","modified_gmt":"2014-09-09T09:14:32","slug":"hormonal-contraceptive-use-herpes-simplex-virus-infection-and-risk-of-hiv-1-acquisition-among-kenyan-women","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/i-base.info\/htb\/2132","title":{"rendered":"Hormonal contraceptive use, herpes simplex virus infection, and risk of HIV-1 acquisition among Kenyan women"},"content":{"rendered":"

Polly Clayden, HIV i-Base<\/strong><\/p>\n

There have been conflicting results from studies evaluating the effect of hormonal contraceptive use on the risk of HIV acquisition.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Recent data from a study conducted in Uganda and Zimbabwe found that women using hormonal contraception had an increased risk if they were herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) negative, but not if they were HSV-2 positive. This difference in risk was highly significant (p=0.003).<\/p>\n

A paper in the August 20 2007 edition of AIDS authored by Jared Baeten and coworkers reported findings from a study to examine the effect of HSV-2 on the relationship between hormonal contraception and HIV-1 in a high-risk population. [1]<\/p>\n

This group had previously found in a study of female Kenyan sex workers, both oral contraceptive pill and depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) use were associated with increased risk of HIV aquisition. [2]. HSV-2 was not assessed in that analysis. The investigators re-examined the data to evaluate the effect of HSV-2 on the relationship between hormonal contraception and HIV.<\/p>\n

Data were from a prospective cohort study of 1206 HIV-negative sex workers from Mombasa, Kenya who were followed monthly.At enrolment, 171 (14.2%) women used oral contraceptive pills and 244 (20.2%) DMPA. 234 (19.4%) women were HSV-2 negative and 972 (80.6%) were HSV-2 positive. 84 women who were HSV-negative at enrolment seroconverted during the study period.<\/p>\n

The investigators found 233 women acquired HIV-1 (8.7\/100 person-years). HSV-2 prevalence (81%) and incidence (25.4\/100 person-years) were high. In multivariate analysis, including adjustment for HSV-2, HIV acquisition was associated with use of oral contraceptive pills [adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 1.46; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00\u00962.13] and DMPA (adjusted HR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.28\u00962.34).<\/p>\n

The effect of hormonal contraception on HIV acquisition was not significantly different between HSV-2 negative versus positive women. HSV-2 infection was associated with increased HIV risk (adjusted HR, 3.58; 95% CI, 1.64\u00967.82).<\/p>\n

The investigators concluded: \u0093In this group of high-risk African women, hormonal contraception and HSV-2 infection were both associated with increased risk for HIV-1 acquisition. HIV-1 risk associated with hormonal contraceptive use was not related to HSV-2 serostatus.\u0094<\/p>\n

References:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Baeten JM, Benki S, Chohan V et al. Hormonal contraceptive use, herpes simplex virus infection, and risk of HIV-1 acquisition among Kenyan women. AIDS 2007, 21:1771\u00961777<\/li>\n
  2. Lavreys L, Baeten JM, Martin HL et al. Hormonal contraception and risk of HIV-1 acquisition: results of a 10-year prospective study. AIDS 2004; 18:695\u0096697.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Polly Clayden, HIV i-Base There have been conflicting results from studies evaluating the effect of hormonal contraceptive use on the risk of HIV acquisition. Recent data from a study conducted in Uganda and Zimbabwe found that women using hormonal contraception …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2132","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-womens-health"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/i-base.info\/htb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2132","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/i-base.info\/htb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/i-base.info\/htb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i-base.info\/htb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i-base.info\/htb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2132"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/i-base.info\/htb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2132\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/i-base.info\/htb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2132"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i-base.info\/htb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2132"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i-base.info\/htb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2132"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}