{"id":2452,"date":"2007-07-03T22:47:12","date_gmt":"2007-07-03T21:47:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/moomango.co.uk\/htb\/?p=2452"},"modified":"2013-09-20T15:08:22","modified_gmt":"2013-09-20T15:08:22","slug":"founder-effect-among-hiv-positive-idu-in-karachi-pakistan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/i-base.info\/htb\/2452","title":{"rendered":"\u0093Founder effect\u0094 among HIV-positive IDU in Karachi, Pakistan"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Pakistan has &gt;74,000 HIV-positive people out of a population of 162 million; with a recent shift in acquisition of HIV via IDU.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Mohammad Rai and co-workers reported findings from a study to determine whether an HIV outbreak among a community of 15 IDU in Karachi was from a single source.<\/p>\n<p>Viral DNA was extracted from blood samples collected between January and December 2004. Sequence alignment of the nef gene from HIV-1-positive patients from Pakistan indicated that the HIV-1 strains differed from the strains circulating in neighbouring India, and were genetically closer to HIV-1 subtype A strains from Senegal, Uganda, and Kenya. Additionally, phylogenetic analysis of the complete nef gene sequence revealed highly congruent topologies, using the neighbour-joining method. The HIV-1 strains from Pakistan formed a monophyletic group.<\/p>\n<p>The investigators wrote: \u0093Our data suggest that the HIV-1 sequences circulating among IDU in Karachi, Pakistan, belong to only 1 HIV subtype, subtype A. Moreover, the intra-sequence identity of 98% indicates a founder effect.\u0094<\/p>\n<p>They noted that these data contrast with a previous observation demonstrating presence of multiple HIV-1 subtypes among overseas contract workers.<\/p>\n<p>They concluded: \u0093The HIV-1 epidemic in Pakistan is shifting from imported cases, such as among the overseas contract workers, to the spread of HIV among local high-risk behavior populations. More prevention and control studies are urgently warranted to curtail the spread of HIV in Pakistan.\u0094<\/p>\n<p class=\"ref\">Reference:<\/p>\n<p class=\"ref\">Rai M, Nerurkar V, Yanagihara R et al. Founder effect among HIV-1-infected Injection drug users in Karachi, Pakistan. 14th CROI, 2007, Los Angeles. Poster Abstract 241.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pakistan has &gt;74,000 HIV-positive people out of a population of 162 million; with a recent shift in acquisition of HIV via IDU. Mohammad Rai and co-workers reported findings from a study to determine whether an HIV outbreak among a community &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[61],"class_list":["post-2452","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-conference-reports","tag-croi-2007"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/i-base.info\/htb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2452","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/i-base.info\/htb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/i-base.info\/htb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i-base.info\/htb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i-base.info\/htb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2452"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/i-base.info\/htb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2452\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/i-base.info\/htb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2452"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i-base.info\/htb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2452"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i-base.info\/htb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2452"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}