type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) – an illness that usually affect adults (previously called adult-onset diabetes), when glucose levels increase because the body does not produce enough insulin or does not respond well to insulin.
Glossary
Selected words and phrases
median (average) – where the results are all arranged in numerical order and the middle of the range is taken as the (median) average. See mean.
placenta – the placenta is a temporary organ that develops in pregnancy and joins the mother and foetus. The placenta acts as a filter. It transfers oxygen and nutrients from the mother to the foetus, and takes away carbon dioxide and waste products. The placenta is full of blood vessels.
The placenta is expelled from the mother’s body after the baby is born and it is no longer needed. It is sometimes called the afterbirth.
formulation – the physical form that makes an active drug into a medicine.
Different formulations include
- Pills (capsules or tablets).
- Syrups or other oral solutions.
- Injections.
- Powders.
- Creams or lotions.
A co-formulation is when two active drugs are combined. For example: when two active drugs are in the same pill.
undetectable – an amount smaller than a test can measure. For viral load tests, this means below 400 or, more commonly, below 50 copies/mL, depending on the make of test. In research laboratories, some very sensitive tests can measure down to 1 copy/mL.