2009

antigen – a protein found on the surface of a virus or bacteria. It is recognised by the immune system which then generates antibodies.

anti-fungal – drug used to treat fungus infections.

antibody – a protein that is part of your immune system that is produced to fight an infection. Each antibody recognises a specific antigen.

antibiotic – drug used to treat bacterial infections. Sometimes they work against other kinds of infection.

anaemia – shortage of oxygen-carrying red blood cells

amniocentesis – test in which cells around a fetus are removed and examined to detect genetic abnormalities

CD4 count and viral load with and without treatment CD4 count and viral load with treatment CD4 count and viral load without treatment

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CD4 counts are much higher for children than adults. A new-born baby for example can have a CD4 count that is 2-3,000 cells/mm3. Because of this, children are monitored using CD4 percentage (CD4%). This is the percentage of white blood …

ALT, alanine aminotransferase, also called serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase; SGPT)  – a key liver enzyme produced in liver cells. ALT is routinely monitored in HIVpositive people on ARVs to monitor liver toxicity from HIV drugs (or other medications). Increased ALT …

AIDS – acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

adefovir – anti-viral drug used to treat hepatitis B.

acute infection – early infection (first few months with HIV).

CD8 cell – cell (lymphocyte) in your immune system that kills cells infected with HIV.

combination therapy – using three or more drugs together to treat HIV. It is also called triple therapy, cART (combination antiretroviral therapy)  or HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy).

lymph (or lymphatic) system – vessels, nodes, organs and clear fluid, that are part of the immune system.

abdominal – in the area of your belly

The Yellow Card Scheme is vital in helping the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (part of the Department of Health) monitor the safety of the medicines that are on the market. If you think a medicine or herbal remedy …

FibroScan is an alternative to needle liver biopsy for monitoring liver health in people with hepatitis. Please use the settings options on the bottom right of the screen picture  to select English subtitles. Please select the Auto-translate option to choose …