Glossary

cirrhosis – severe scarring of the liver (see fibrosis) that makes it difficult for the liver to carry out its functions

secondary mutation – see minor mutation.

percutaneous – umbilical cord sampling see cordocentis.

integrase inhibitor – a type of HIV drug that stops HIV genetic material from ‘integrating’ into the DNA in a cell.

This is a relatively new family of HIV drugs.

Raltegravir, elvitegravir and dolutegravir are all integrase inhibitors.

informed consent – a document that every person who participates in research is required to sign before entering the study. It outlines the details of a the study, including the known risks and benefits or any intervention. It also explains what is required during the study in terms of additional tests and clinic visits.