HIV prevention and transmission

WHO recommendations for prevention and treatment of HIV for sex workers and their clients

Quantifying HIV-1 exposure to illuminate resistance to infection

Immune activation, inflammation and HIV acquisition risk

HPTN-052: clinical advantages from earlier treatment

Online video interviews between researchers and activists

High levels of maraviroc in rectal tissue fail to protect macaques from SIV transmission following rectal exposure

Mechanisms for circumcision to reduce HIV transmission in different penile tissue: target cell differences rather than keratinisation

FDA approve Truvada to reduce the risk of sexual transmission

Half of gay men in London would chose oral PrEP to reduce risk of HIV

Recent infection is common in UK; 30% gay men aged 15-25 infected within a year of diagnosis

3rd vs 4th generation HIV testing: almost half of UK clinics out of step with national guidelines

WHO guidelines for testing, counselling and treatment in serodifferent couples (April 2012): ART at CD4 >350 to reduce transmission

NICE guideline on fertility treatment proposes alternatives to sperm washing (2012)

Early data for rilpivirine long acting formulation supports further investigation for PrEP

PrEP: PK modeling of daily TDF/FTC (Truvada) provides close to 100% protection against HIV infection

Risk of HIV reinfection may be similar to risk of initial HIV infection

Case report: homozygous CCR5 delta-32 protection overcome by infection with X4 virus

NICE guidance on increasing the uptake of HIV testing

International PrEP study (VOICE) discontinues use of tenofovir vaginal gel due to lack of efficacy

UK Health Protection Agency (HPA) recommends universal HIV testing in the high incidence regions of the UK

Orange Farm circumcision results dispel concerns about risk compensation

DSMB stops oral tenofovir monotherapy arm of VOICE PrEP study due to lack of difference compared to placebo

Treatment is prevention: ARV treatment in HPTN-052 reduces transmission by at least 96%: single transmission in treatment arm occurred before viral suppression

Daily oral tenofovir/FTC PrEP reduces heterosexual transmission by 63% in the TDF2 study

Tenofovir/FTC vs tenofovir as daily oral PrEP: preliminary results from Partners PrEP

HPTN 052 study stopped early: significant reduction in HIV transmission from early use of HIV treatment in serodifferent partners

Preventive technologies, immune-based and gene therapies, and research towards a cure

FEM-PrEP prevention study using daily Truvada halted during enrolment: interim analysis shows similar infection rates in active and placebo arms

US CDC issue preliminary guidance for use of PrEP

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with tenofovir/FTC reduces sexual transmission of HIV between men at high risk: results from the iPrEx study

Male circumcision retains effectiveness at reducing risk of HIV infection: 54 month results

Results from the Caprisa 004 tenofovir microbicide trial

Quadrivalent HPV vaccine reduces genital lesions and HPV acquisition in men

Lime juice is not a microbicide: do not try at home

Immune-based therapies and preventive technologies pipeline

Summaries of other studies

HIV reinfection cases reported at CROI

Treatment reduces infections by over 90%: a theme that is here to stay

Male circumcision: new data supporting protective mechanism

A caution for male circumcision programmes: high complication rates highlighted outside a trial setting

HIV reinfection reported in 10% of couples in Zambian study

Intermittent tenofovir/FTC PrEP offers monkeys some protection

Tenofovir/FTC gel protects female monkeys from SHIV

Recently infected HIV-positive Quebec residents cause more than half of new cases

Common estimate of heterosexual HIV transmission risk sometimes far too low

Implications of transmission with undetectable HIV viral load: lower limit for HIV transmission excluded from model

Case report of sexual transmission when viral load suppressed to <50 copies/mL

HIV RNA is detectable in semen in 5% patients with undetectable blood plasma viral attending fertility clinic

Tenofovir gel as a rectal microbicide: evidence for protection and priming of T-cell responses in the SIV challenge model

Genetic protection against malaria may increase susceptibility to HIV infection in people of African decent

US CDC issue reports of false-positive oral rapid tests in New York HIV testing programme

Epidemiological studies and transmission of resistance: evidence for optimism – or issues with interpretation?

Prevention of rectal transmission of SIV in macaques using FTC with tenofovir: FTC has independent protective effect even as monotherapy

K65R frequently emerges within 1-6 weeks of tenofovir monotherapy in macaques

A genome armed against HIV

Circumcision: a surprising benefit from an unkind cut

Topical microbicides: the real front line of HIV prevention

HSV-2 suppression reduces HIV and HSV shedding

Adult male circumcision reduces transmission rates over 18 months comparable to a vaccine with 65% efficacy

Lack of keratin overlaying inner foreskin may explain lower HIV infection rates in circumcised men

Sexual transmission of HIV by acutely infected individuals has a disproportionate effect on the spread of HIV and may explain the current pandemic

Transmission of drug resistance – at 11% in Europe and 17% in the UK

HIV coinfection, reinfection and superinfection

A case of intraclade HIV-1 superinfection by wild-type virus illustrates the potential to impact disease progression

Diagnosis of acute HIV infection: it’s time to get moving!

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