Conference reports

The growth hormone releasing factor analogue tesamorelin (TH9507) reduces visceral fat, but what else does it do?

Does diabetes have the same impact on cardiovascular risk in HIV-positive patients as it does in the general population?

Can nucleoside RT inhibitors directly cause insulin resistance?

Do dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and body shape changes differ according to race or ethnicity?

Is lipoatrophy associated with vascular dysfunction?

XVI International HIV Drug Resistance Workshop, 12-16 June 2007, Barbados

Integrase inhibitors and resistance

Treatment failure and tropism changes in maraviroc trial related to previously undetected CXCR4, rather than a mutational shift from CCR5

Mechanisms of failure to CCR5 inhibitors is not explained by mutation in the V3 loop, cross-resistance between CCR5 inhibitors is likely

Higher risk of resistance using lopinavir/r monotherapy

Macaque study shows similar protection from rectal exposure using 2-hour pre- and 24-hour post exposure prophylaxis with tenofovir plus FTC compared to daily regimen

Thirteen NNRTI mutations linked to resistance to etravirine (TMC-125)

14th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, 25-28 February 2007, Los Angeles

Protease inhibitors in pregnancy

Low rates of HCV treatment among eligible injection drug users

Effect of HCV and HIV on mortality among injecting drug users

HCV/HIV-co-infected IDUs are at increased risk of death from hepatitis-related death in the HAART era, compared with HCV-mono-IDUs

Long-term effectiveness of isoniazid prophylaxis on TB incidence in a cohort of IDUs

The dynamics of HCV transmission among injection drug users in St. Petersburg

“Founder effect” among HIV-positive IDU in Karachi, Pakistan

8th International Workshop on Clinical Pharmacology of HIV Therapy, April 2007, Budapest, Hungary

Drug-drug interactions

Pharmacokinetic data with existing antiretrovirals

Antiretroviral pharmacokinetics in special patient populations

Pharmacology of investigational drugs

14th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, 25-28 February 2007, Los Angeles

No benefit of early cessation of breastfeeding in the Zambia Exclusive Breastfeeding Study (ZEBS)

Role of infant feeding and HIV in a severe diarrhoea outbreak in Botswana

Diarrhoea in uninfected infants of HIV-positive mothers who stop breastfeeding at 6 Months

Post-weaning gastroenteritis and mortality in HIV-uninfected infants receiving antiretroviral prophylaxis

Rates of diarrhoea associated with early weaning among infants in the Kisumu breastfeeding study

Early breastfeeding cessation among infants and risk of serious gastroenteritis: findings from a perinatal prevention trial in Kampala, Uganda

Treating children in resource-limited settings

Pharmacokinetics of nevirapine, d4T, and 3TC in Zambian children treated with Pedimune (Triomune)

New PK data for protease inhibitors

Plasma concentrations of efavirenz and lopinavir in children with and without rifampicin-based TB treatment

NNRTI vs PI HAART regimens for children in resource-limited settings

Predictors of infant mortality

HIV-infection in the brain, neurocognitive dysfunction and CNS drug penetration

Selected genetics studies from CROI

Report from genomics workshop at CROI

5th European HIV Drug Resistance Workshop, Cascais, Portugal, 29 March 2007

Few integrase inhibitor (INI) mutations in INI-naive people

Response to darunavir, tipranavir, or lopinavir after atazanavir failure

Upper and lower clinical cutoffs proposed for darunavir

Accuracy of Monogram’s Trofile assay in determining tropism and new tropism assays in development

Several genotyping systems offer hope as tropism predictors

14th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, 25-28 February 2007, Los Angeles

Raltegravir (MK-0518) phase 3 trials show successful viral suppression in multi-drug resistant patients

Maraviroc phase 2b/3 results in treatment experienced CCR5-tropic patients

Phase 2 study of Gilead’s integrase inhibitor elvitegravir (GS-9137)

Phase 2b study comparing rilpivirine (TMC-278) to efavirenz in treatment-naive patients: 48-week results

PK results from heat-stable formulation of ritonavir

Use of low-dose rapamycin, a CCR5 suppressant, to increase potency of T-20 in vitro

Growth hormone release factor (TH9507) reduces central fat adiposity

Further insight into risk and management of cardiovascular disease (CVD) from D:A:D cohort: no additional benefit of metabolic syndrome diagnosis; new HIV-specific CVD risk equations; increasing uptake of lipid lowering drugs but low smoking cessation

Pregnancy outcomes in the DART trial

12 month response to HAART in women following exposure to prevention of mother to child transmission regimens

Unexpectedly high rate of K65R mutation in patients failing first-line d4T-containing regimens in Thailand

Sexual transmission of HCV in Brighton reported in HIV positive and HIV negative MSM

Hepatitis B drug entecavir reported to have anti-HIV viral activity in three patients

High 6-month rate of PML survival with aggressive use of 5-drug T-20-based ARV regimen

Increased anal HPV levels in HV-positive smokers

Clade-B HIV-1 infection in Haiti predates global subtype-B virus

Drug interactions and pharmacokinetic studies: CROI 2007

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